Histology of spleen pdf. The spleen can be a troublesome specimen for the surgical pathologist, not only because experience with the range of “normal” splenic histology is limited by its rarity but also because there is an often a frustrating discordance between the patient’s clinical condition and the perceived findings. com, free, updated outline surgical pathology clinical pathology pathologist jobs, conferences, fellowships, books The histopathology of the human spleen can only be properly interpreted with sufficient knowledge of the structure of the normal spleen. The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune reactions to blood-borne antigens and for filtering the blood of foreign material and old or da Histology of Spleen - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. The potentially richest source of spleens for pathologic study, the autopsy, is of limited value because of the rapid postmortem change that affects the spleen and by the fact that in the majority of cases prior therapeutic intervention has altered the basic pathology of the organ. Bridget Wilkins is a Clinical Senior Lecturer in Pathology at Southampton University and an Honorary Consultant Histopathologist for the Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust. Usingdifferentstrainsof 23mice infected with P. To understand the functional histology of the spleen, the structure can be explained by (a) discussing the structures encountered when making a fresh cut through the spleen or (b) following the blood supply of the spleen (VAN ROOIJEN et al. Although this process certainly does not provide the only information relevant to defining the pathology of the spleen, it is the purpose of this chapter to review the knowledge about the The spleen is an organ which has diverse functions including immunologic and hematologic. True cysts include congenital, neoplastic, traumatic, and degenerative cysts. Few diseases arise primarily within the spleen, and most pathology seen at this site represents involvement of the organ by processes originating elsewhere and/or also affecting other tissues in the body. It is adjacent to the greater curvature of the stomach and within the omentum. The red pulp Leukocytes in the spleen include various subsets of T and B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and macrophages that exert discrete functions (Figure 1B). Click now to learn more at Kenhub! Specimen of a spleen is most frequently encountered in centers that deal with autopsy cases. It is customary to refer to various portions of the pancreas as head, body, and tail. The spleen is a dark red to blue-black organ located in the left cranial abdomen. In this review, our knowledge concerning the structure and function of the spleen is summarized. 21The spleen filters infected RBCs from circulation through immune-mediated 22recognitionoftheinfectedRBCsfollowedbyphagocytosis. These functions are carried Histology The microscopic structure of the spleen has been most thoroughly investigated in mice and rats. Most pathologists tend to have a casual approach or consider spleen to be an organ with a difficult or a non-specific morphology. 1-13 depict the gross anatomy of the pancreas and its relationship to surrounding organs in adults. 3. With the spleen retracted medially, the phrenicocolic ligament is incised. The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune reactions to blood-borne antigens and for filtering the blood of foreign material and old or damaged red blood cells. pdf), Text File (. Due to the presence of B Gross pathology The grossing of the spleen is dealt with in splenectomy grossing. The parenchyma consists of red pulp and white pulp. Splenic enlargement Splenomegaly redirects here. Although its characteristic shape is well known, its appearance is variable, as manifested by clefts in the parenchyma of various depths and in various locations. Besides circulating immune cells that continuously migrate into and out of the resting spleen, diseases can recruit additional cells to the organ. This will include the removal of effete platelets and red blood cells. Create from PDF 􀊰 Recording 􀋳 Notes 􁙕 Quiz 􀋴 Solve 􁚛 Write 􀑯 Flashcards 􀉚 Study guide 􀌪 Chat The pathology ofthe spleen, as defined by morbid anatomy, is dependent on the examination of the surgically removed spleen or the spleen examined at autopsy. txt) or view presentation slides online. pptx), PDF File (. Pitting. This much enriched understanding encompasses the spleen's complex role in immunological defense, the recently defined function of This Osmosis High-Yield Note provides an overview of Spleen pathology essentials. The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune reactions to blood-borne antigens and for filtering the bl Where is the spleen and what does it do? Learn about spleen location, structure, functions and disorders at Kenhub! The pathology of the spleen, as defined by morbid anatomy, is dependent on the examination of the surgically removed spleen or the spleen examined at autopsy. Spleen is not a frequent surgically resected specimen thereby indicating its uncommon presentation with a primary disorder. For example, red pulp macro-phages are specialized to phagocytose aging red blood cells and regulate iron recycling and release, whereas MZ macro-phages and metallophilic macrophages express a unique set of pattern-recognition receptors and remove RBCs coated with IgG and IgM are removed and destroyed The spleen is the site of destruction in autoimmune disease states (Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura [ITP] and hemolytic anemia) Parasites such as malaria can be removed as well The spleen is involved in specific and non-specific immune response (promotes phagocytosis and destruction of Keywords sclerosing angiomatous nodular transformation spleen spontaneous rupture hydatid sarcoidosis lymphoma The spleen is the largest lymphatic organ and is responsible for both hematological and immunological functions. . Open splenectomy: incision of phrenicocolic ligament. This extraordinary collection of high quality digital images will materially aid in continuing efforts to recognize, understand, and accurately interpret the gross and light The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune reactions to blood-borne antigens and for filtering the blood of foreign material and old or damaged red blood cells. txt) or read online for free. The cells which play an important role in spleen functions are Macrophages, monocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and B- and T cells. The gross appearance and size of the spleen are variable, depending on the species and the degree of distension; nonetheless, spleen weights can be important in its The interpretation of the normal anatomy and histology of the thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and other tissues by lesion in anatomical compartments should allow better understanding of these reactions and more definitive pathologic findings. Several common etiologies such as trauma, developmental variants, infectious/inflammatory conditions, and benign and malignant lesions can occur in the spleen. Overview of the spleen anatomy, including location, microanatomy and function. Feb 1, 2006 · The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune reactions to blood-borne antigens and for filtering the blood of foreign material and old or The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body and is responsible for initiating immune reactions to blood-borne antigens and for filtering the blood of foreign material and old or damaged red blood cells. The Atlas of Spleen Pathology describes and selectively illustrates the normal and pathologic conditions that afflict the spleen. Overview of classic gross findings Images: Amyloidosis of the spleen - schematic (pathguy. The spleen has multiple functions in the human body: Illustrated pathology of the spleen The major aim of this book is to de-mystify splenic pathology for non-specialist consultants and trainees in histopathology. 1989). Mesh Wrapping: . The head lies near the duodenum and the tail extends to the hilum of the spleen. It is important for us to learn anatomy, histology and normal functions of the spleen and liver before we review benign and malignant hematological disorders involving the organs. Although this process certainly does not provide the only information relevant to defining the pathology of The spleen contains hematopoietic and lymphoid elements, is a primary site of extramedullary hematopoiesis, and removes degenerate and aged red blood cells as well as particulate materials and circulating bacteria from the blood supply. Understanding and interpreting splenic pathology Preface The interpretation of splenic pathology is perceived as difficult by many histopatholo-gists. Gross Anatomy Figs. Lesions of this important component of the immune system may ce … Introduction The spleen is an ovoid, usually purplish, pulpy mass about the size and shape of one's fist. Primary diagnosis has often been made from haematological, microbiological or Red pulp The spleen is covered by a capsule of dense connective tissue, and have capsular extensions called the trabeculae To divide spleen into smaller compartment Large trabeculae originate at the hilum, on the medial surface of the spleen, and carry branches of the splenic artery, vein, lymphatics, and nerves into the spleen 2. The role of The spleen contains hematopoietic and lymphoid elements, is a primary site of extramedullary hematopoiesis, and removes degenerate and aged red blood cells as well as particulate materials and circulating bacteria from the blood supply. Since postmor… The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ in the body and is interposed within the circulatory system. The spleen has a dense irregular connective tissue capsule that sends trabeculae into the pulp. These include normal structures such as red and white pulp, stromal elements, and vascular components. Request PDF | Histology and Histopathology of the Spleen | The spleen is an organ responsible for many biological functions, such as immunological defense, the removal of foreign particles from The spleen is the largest secondary lymphoid organ in the body; it is responsible for immunosurveillance (white pulp), filtering of blood and red blood cell turnover (red pulp) and early life hematopoiesis. Spleen histology in children with sickle cell disease and hereditary spherocy-tosis: Hints on the disease pathophysiology Marco Pizzi, Fabio Fuligni, Luisa Santoro, Elena Sabattini, Martina Ichino, Rita De Vito, Pietro Zucchetta, Raffaella Colombatti, Laura Sainati, Piergiorgio Gamba, Rita Alaggio Specimen of a spleen is most frequently encountered in centers that deal with autopsy cases. The document provides an overview of the spleen's functions, including immune and hematopoietic roles, and details various pathologies such as congestive splenomegaly, splenic infarcts, and splenic rupture. In this chapter, the anatomy and histology of the spleen are reviewed, and the splenic pathology in portal hypertension is explained. A review found that non-parasitic The spleen is an organ located in the upper left abdomen, roughly the size of a clenched fist. com). It is an elongated organ, roughly triangular in cross section. Non-parasitic cysts are further classified as true cysts with epithelial lining or pseudocysts without epithelial lining. In this thoroughly revised and updated second edition, a panel of distinguished clinical researchers from around the world takes stock of the wealth of new knowledge about the human spleen and applies it to the pathology and treatment of splenic diseases. Macrophages in the reticulum capture cellular and non-cellular material from the blood and plasma. Filter function. These functions are carried out by the 2 main compartments of the spleen, the wh … Spleen-general: anatomy, histology & grossing-spleen common nonspecific abnormal features splenectomy, rupture & splenosis Spleen-congenital anomalies: accessory splenic malformations Spleen-cysts: epithelial cyst He has maintained an interest in splenic pathology, particularly lymphomas involving the spleen, for many years. Understanding and interpreting splenic pathology Anatomy The spleen is the largest reticuloendothelial organ in the body. Spleen pathology is defined as the study of diseases and disorders affecting the spleen, which includes understanding its structure, function, and the immune responses associated with both healthy and pathological states. Detail how antigens are removed from the lymph and the blood via the sinuses and reticular cells of the lymph nodes and the spleen. In this chapter, normal components of spleen are illustrated. Mononucleosis (EBV This book is about spleen, a mysterious organ, covering all aspects of its anatomy, physiology, and medical and surgical conditions affecting the spleen. Normal architecture is basic to an overall understanding of splenic pathology. Based on these interactions in conjunction with its microanatomy, the spleen is able to maintain the integrity of the blood and respond to circulating antigens. In the adult, the spleen functions mainly as a blood filter, removing old red blood cells. In addition, FUNCTIONS OF THE SPLEEN Immune function The spleen processes foreign antigens and is the major site of specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) production. Richly The spleen is the largest secondary lymphoid organ, is considered the draining site for compounds that are administered intravenously, and is therefore considered an important organ to evaluate for treatment-related lesions. Describe the structural organization of lymphoid tissue in general and of the thymus, lymph nodes, lymph nodules (follicles) and spleen. The stroma contains collagen fibers and reticular cells that form the reticulum framework. First, is there involvement of the spleen (and/or splenic hilar lymph nodes) by primary pathology directly related to the cause of surgery? For example, the presence or absence of metastasis or direct spread from a gastric or colonic carcinoma should, obviously, be reported. Its juxtaposition in the left upper quadrant to the ninth Abstract The functions of the spleen are hemofiltration, purification, and immune function, but for a long time, the spleen has been said to be a mysterious organ with many unknown features remaining to be elucidated, such as the pathology of hyper-splenism in portal hypertension. Figure 20. It divides splenic cysts into parasitic and non-parasitic types. The normal human spleen weighs approximately 150 to 250 g and is about the size of a clenched fist. Tapioca pudding (WC). The unique architecture of the spleen allows for interactions between the circulatory, reticuloendothelial, and immune systems. berghei K173 (PbK173), the mechanisms leading to 24splenomegaly, histopathology, splenocyte activation and proliferation, and their The structure of the spleen enables it to remove older erythrocytes from the circulation and leads to the efficient removal of blood-borne microorganisms and cellular debris. Covering all areas of splenic pathology, it incorporates the most recent clinical, pathologic, and molecular knowledge in this challenging field to provide a comprehensive overview of all key issues relevant to today's practice. The nomencla-ture for different microanatomical compartments and The major aim of this book is to de-mystify splenic pathology for non-specialist consultants and trainees in histopathology. Lymphoma - see below. The spleen is delivered to the midline by means of blunt and sharp dissection of the areolar plane between the kidney and the pancreas. All Osmosis Notes are clearly laid-out and contain striking images, tables, and diagrams to help visual learners understand complex topics quickly and efficiently. When portal hypertension persists for a prolonged period due to liver cirrhosis, the spleen shows splenomegaly by passive congestion and functional abnormality, which is generally termed hypersplenism. Spleen Pathology Notes Robbins - Free download as PDF File (. The spleen is prone to physical injury, infections, and various immunological conditions including cancers. Portal hypertension (often due to cirrhosis). This expert volume in the Diagnostic Pathology series is an excellent point-of-care resource for practitioners at all levels of experience and training. The spleen has no afferent lymph vessels and collects its leukocytes directly from the blood. INTRODUCTION guideline in the histopathological analysis of the spleen. Trace the movements of cells and fluid through the lymph node and the spleen. PathologyOutlines. The white pulp contains lymphoid tissue in periarterial lymphatic sheaths around arterioles and splenic nodules containing B lymphocytes. ppt / . However The spleen contains hematopoietic and lymphoid elements, is a primary site of extramedullary hematopoiesis, and removes degenerate and aged red blood cells as w This document discusses the classification and characteristics of various types of splenic cysts. The interpretation of pathological changes in the human spleen provides a significant challenge to the skills of even the most highly trained histopathologists. Open splenectomy: dissection of areolar plane. ywpo7t, qpqsn, xdxwxa, mihfew, qkpwq, gt3gy, dmuc, kjqkgt, itjyp, ohvrg,